If you inhale or swallow ammonia, it's likely that you'll get a painful cough. It's either from powder in your lungs or burns on your esophagus. This is your body's natural response, trying to force out the harmful chemicals.
Chest pain is a scary symptom, most of us think of it relating to heart attacks. It's relevant in ammonia poisoning too. It could be one of the reasons above powder in lungs or a general inflammatory reaction. Think about what ammonia does to your cells. It destroys them, corrodes them on contact. So - it makes sense that if powder or liquid got to the lungs, breathing would become difficult. If you experience difficulty breathing, call If available, you should breathe in and out of a paper bag.
When your body senses something out of place, all the systems unite and ignite to get rid of it. That means you could breathe heavy, for what you think is no good reason.
The same idea as difficult and rapid breathing above. Wheezing is what happens when there's some blockage of your airway. This may be inflammation of the poison reaction. Do you know the feeling of a bad fever, where all of a sudden everything aches and the room starts to spin? That could be the onset of ammonia poisoning. Another way your body will deal with a poison is by shutting down processes it deems unnecessary during the high-panic time of poison. That means your brain is taking resources away from your body's attempt to reject the poison.
As so, you may pass out or collapse. Don't let it get to this point. You don't know how long you could be out and when you wake up it may be too late. For small fires use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. For large fires use water spray, fog, or regular foam. Move containers from the fire area if possible to do so without risk to personnel. Do not get water inside containers. Damaged cylinders should be handled by a specialist only.
For fire involving tanks, fight fire from a maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Do not direct water at source of leak or safety device; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or discoloration of tank. Always stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. Run-off from fire control may cause pollution. If the situation allows, control and properly dispose of run-off effluent. Then protect persons downwind during the day: 0. Then protect persons downwind during the night: 0.
Then protect persons downwind during the night: 1. In the DOT ERG orange-bordered section of the guidebook, there are public safety recommendations to immediately isolate an ammonia Guide spill or leak area for at least ft m in all directions.
In the DOT ERG orange-bordered section of the guidebook, there are public safety recommendations to immediately isolate an ammonia Guide spill or leak area for at least ft 50 m for liquids and 75 ft 25 m for solids in all directions. However, under certain conditions, when compressed liquified ammonia gas initially escapes a cylinder and comes into contact with moisture in the air it will form an ammonia fog. This fog is likeley to remain low to the ground, and could prevent ammonia gas from rising in the air.
Dangerous concentrations of ammonia gas will occur quickly in enclosed or poorly ventilated spaces. Some respiratory symptoms may be delayed in onset. It reacts with the moisture in the moist linings of body passages and cavities mucous membranes to produce an alkaline solution, ammonium hydroxide. The extent of injury produced by exposure to ammonia depends on the duration of the exposure and the concentration of the gas or liquid.
Severe: Severe corrosive eye injury, inflammation of the membranes of the eye conjunctivitis , tear production lacrimation , swelling and sloughing of the surface cells of the eye, and temporary or permanent blindness.
Severe: Swelling of lips, mouth, and voice box larynx , severe corrosive damage or burns of mouth, throat and stomach. Ingestion does not normally result in whole-body systemic toxicity. Severe: Swelling of the lips, mouth, and voice box larynx and severe corrosive damage or burns to the mouth, throat, and stomach.
Severe: Pain, inflammation, blistering vesication , tissue death necrosis , and deep penetrating burns, especially on moist skin areas. Exposure to liquefied ammonia gas may cause frostbite injury and possibly severe burns with more localized deep tissue damage ulcerations. Care should be taken during decontamination, because absorbed agent can be released from clothing and skin as a gas. Your Incident Commander will provide you with decontaminants specific for the agent released or the agent believed to have been released.
The warm zone should include two decontamination corridors. One decontamination corridor is used to enter the warm zone and the other for exiting the warm zone into the cold zone. The decontamination zone for exiting should be upwind and uphill from the zone used to enter. Decontamination area workers should wear appropriate PPE. See the PPE section of this card for detailed information. A solution of detergent and water which should have a pH value of at least 8 but should not exceed a pH value of Soft brushes should be available to remove contamination from the PPE.
Ammonia is a colorless gas with a pungent odor that has a number of occupational uses, such as a refrigerant; cleaning and bleaching agent; or additive in fertilizers, plastics and pharmaceuticals. Although exposure in typical environmental concentrations is not considered hazardous, exposure to high concentrations can cause severe burns of the skin, eyes, throat and lungs, potentially leading to death.
Workers exposed to high levels of ammonia should seek medical attention immediately, according to the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health.
Until help arrives, the agency suggests taking the following steps:. Please stay on topic. Beneficial Insects Pollinators. When anhydrous ammonia gas or liquid comes in contact with the human body three types of injuries may result: Dehydration.
Is the result of ammonia's great attraction for water. Anhydrous ammonia will extract water from body tissue. Caustic burning. Is the result of the strong base formed when ammonia combines with water from body tissue.
Once ammonia extracts water from body tissue it forms ammonium hydroxide that can chemically burn tissue. As liquid ammonia vaporizes it pulls heat away from body tissue causing frostbite in an instant. First Aid for Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes for at least 15 minutes keeping the eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if it can be done safely.
Contact emergency management services EMS. First Aid for Skin Contact: Flush exposed areas thoroughly with water. If clothing is frozen to skin, thaw out area first with water before removing clothing. Clothing then is contaminated with ammonium hydroxide and can cause secondary exposure to responders.
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