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Newsletter Topics Select minimum 1 topic. Data Management. Tags: Ab Initio. Hi, What is the use of Redefine format over Reformat? According to help file: 1. I can able to convert string to decimal with Reformat, as well as with Redefine format also, for example string 3 to decimal 3 Reformat also changes record format leaving the data unchanged, then what is the exact use of Redefine format over Reformat.
Please give your answers. Regards, Syam. Ramnath Awate Posted June 22, 0 Comments. It just rearranges combines the data in required format. Let me know if this helps. Hi Syam, Well I am sure you know what reformat does.
Hi Subhadip, Ramnath, Thanks for your detailed explanation. Showing Answers 1 - 1 of 1 Answers. Give your answer: If you think the above answer is not correct, Please select a reason and add your answer below.
Open Questions Answered. Latest News. It looks like you are using an AD Blocker! Disable Ad Blocker Learn More. If you cannot accomplish what you want using utility mode, you might need to use API mode. What are data-sized vectors and how do I work with them? Data-sized vectors are vectors that have no set length of elements but rather are variably sized based on the number of elements in each data record.
For example, if an input dataset has three records, each with a vector, the first record's vector might have five elements; the second record's, one element; and the third record's, seven. A vector must in some way specify the number of elements it contains. Normally, this specification is regular: when the vector is defined, a definite number of elements is given, so each instance of that vector will have the same number of cells.
Although not all of those cells will necessarily be filled with data, the vector has a regular size. Data-sized vectors, in contrast, are sized according to the number of elements they hold. This can change from instance to instance. For example, if a data record contains a vector that holds names of family members, each record and hence each family could easily have different numbers of members in the vector. Thus, the vector itself would have cells enough for each family, but no extras.
This is accomplished by including an additional field the element count and using that field to define the length of the vector. When creating a data-sized vector, you must assign the size and data portions of the vector at the same time. This requires the use of a record constructor, which is then reinterpreted as the desired data-sized vector type. The following code demonstrates this method:. This code consists of two parts.
The type has a field size that contains the element count. You then use that element count to create the vector itself. The simplest reduction of this case involves a data-sized vector of zero elements. The initialization of a data-sized vector with zero length is straightforward. For example:. You would use a similar procedure to define a record format.
Consider the following:. This record contains only two things: the count of vector elements and the vector itself. Each individual record can have a different count, and thus might have a different vector size. As long as that size is defined and supplied in the record before that vector appears, the vector can use that size in its definition. Search this site. Home Page. Data Warehousing Concepts. Conceptual, Logical,and Physical Data Models.
What is SAS? What is Data Sets? Merge and proc sql join. SAS Views in Unix. Batch Processing in Unix. Reading fixed formatted data from an external file. Reading fixed formatted data instream.
Reading free formatted comma delimited data from an external file. Reading free formatted space delimited data from an external file. Reading free formatted tab delimited data from an external file. Cooperating system is the core system. It is the Abinitio server. All the graphs which are made in GDE are deployed and run on cooperating system. It is installed on UNIX. EME stands for Enterprise Meta environment. It is a repository which holds all the projects, metadata, and transformations.
It performs operations like version controlling, statistical analysis, and dependency analysis and metadata management. GDE stands for graphical development environment and is just like a canvas on which we create our graphs with the help of various components.
It just provides graphical interface for editing and executing Abinitio programs. What does dependency analysis mean in Ab Initio?
It is the analyses of the dependencies within the graphs. It is nothing but the tracing or monitoring how data is transformed and transferred, field by field, from component to component. It helps in maintaining the lineage among the related objects. What are the steps in actual ab initio graph processing? The host setup script is run.
Common project sandbox parameters are evaluated. Project sandbox parameters are evaluated. The project-start. Input parameters are evaluated. Graph parameters are evaluated. The graph Start Script is run. Graph components are executed and finally 9. End script if any. I had 10, records r there i loaded today records, i need load to - 10, next day how is in Type 1 and how is it on type 2?
What is difference between fuse and join? Fuse: It is a component it will append the data horizontally like if we have two files from first file first record will join horizontally with second file first records Join: In join based on common key value and join type file records will be joined. Continuous graph significance?
We have a continuous graph wherein we have generate record component in batch mode we need to write everything to the Multi-publish queue with throttle in between and the requirement is like if we have a records and if the graph fails in between let us say at th record, the first records should be loaded into the multi-publish queue and when we restart the graph again it should start from th record rather than 1st record.
Use Redefine Format to change a record format or rename fields. Redefine format is best suitable in the following scenario: Suppose we are reading the data from the input in a single line like a string " " and now that string i want to map into the different fields but i do not want to change the data then in the output dml of the redefine format i can specify the dml.
What is difference between check point and phase? Phases divide the graph in to parts and execute one after the other to reduce the complexity and encounter deadlocks. Part of memory will be allocated to each phase one by one memory management Check points are like intermediate nodes which saves the data in to the disk permanently. We have to manually delete the data if we have checkpoints.
If we have a successful checkpoint we can always roll back and rerun the graph from that point in case of a failure. How can you increase the number of ports of your output flow? What is the limit? How to create a new mfs file?
Where will we specify the number of partition 4 way ,8 way? You should have a multifile system with 4 way and 8 way depth to create multifiles of according depth. But a developer never creates any MFS path it is done by the Abinitio administrator. There are different mfs path parameters created by administrator like. To convert 4 way to 8 way partition we need to change the layout in the partioning component.
There will be separate parameters for each and every type of partioning eg. The appropriate parameter need to be selected in the component layout for the type of partioning. We can create surrogate key in abinitio by using the following ways: 1. How to prepare SCD2 in abinitio? Take 2 tables as your input first would be your today's file that is in0 second be your previous file that would be in1.
In the join components, unused 0 will give you inserted records that would come from today's file , and unused 1 that would come from yesterday's file will give you deleted records. You can access abinitio resources e. What is the difference between sandbox and EME, can we perform checkin and checkout through sandbox? Enterprise Meta Environment is the central repository and Sandbox is the private area where you bring the object by doing object level checkout from the repository for editing.
Once you are finish with your editing you can checkin back the object to the EME object level check in from sandbox. EME is the version controlling unit of Ab initio where the version controlling can be done, it can be called as central repository where as private sandbox is the user specific space which is a similar replica of the EME where a developer works through sandbox user can safely do the check out and check in with no conflicts with other developers.
Describe the effect of the "checkpoint" t-sql statement? Checkpoints are normally used for the graph recovery, if we are loading a large volume of data and the graph gets failed, so instead of rerunning the whole graph we can execute the graph from the last executed successful checkpoint, it saves time and loads the data from the point where it failed.
Checkpoints save the intermediate files during the graph execution. Layout is where the Program component runs. It might be 2 way in development and 4 way in production. The graph's layout doesn't change and the depth is determined by the environment, not the graph itself. How do we handle if DML changing dynamically? How will you view or publish metadata reports using EME?
How to Improve Performance of graphs in Ab initio? We need to configure some parameters to generate. We create this file to work out with the database components. Skew measures the relative imbalance in Parallel loading.
Un-even Load balancing causes the Skew. Skew is the measure of data flow to each partition. The skew of a data partition is the amount by which its size deviates from the average partition size expressed as a percentage of the largest partition. How to run the graph without GDE? We can do this in 2 Ways. Deploy the graph as a script and execute the script in UNIX environment 2.
Use air sandbox run command to run the graph directly from command line air sanbox run graph. Maximum memory usage in bytes which can be used by component i. Join, Sort and Rollup to process records, before spilling data on the disk. Default value 64 MB. What is meant by fancing in abinitio? Straight flow 2. Ramp - Is a real number defined the rate of Reject records. Limit - Number of records that can reject. Partitioning by key distributes the data into various multifile partitions depending upon of the fields present in the input key , while Partitioning by round robin distributes data equally among the partitions irrespective of the key field based on block size parameter in round robin fashion In PBK, data flows to the output randomly, but in PBRR, data flows to output in orderly format.
How many parallelisms are in Abinitio? Component parallelism:- A graph with multiple processes running simultaneously on separate data or same data uses component parallelism. Data parallelism: - A graph that deals with data divided into segments and operates on each segment simultaneously uses data parallelism.
Nearly all commercial data processing tasks can use data parallelism. To support this form of parallelism, Ab Initio provides Partition components to segment data, and De-partition components to merge segmented data back together.
Pipeline parallelism: - A graph with multiple components running simultaneously on the same data uses pipeline parallelism. Each component in the pipeline continuously reads from upstream components, processes data, and writes to downstream components. Since a downstream component can process records previously written by an upstream component, both components can operate in parallel. NOTE: To limit the number of components running simultaneously, set phases in the graph.
Have you ever encountered an error called "depth not equal"? A solution to this problem would be to use a partitioning component in between if there was change in layout. Name the air commands in ab initio? What is meant by re-partioning in how many ways it can be done? It means redistribution of records in different partition Repartitioning means changing one or both of the following: 1 The degree of parallelism of partitioned data 2 The grouping of records within the partitions of partitioned data.
How to calculate total memory used my a graph? If I delete 1 partition in 8 partition multifile and run the graph. Will the graph run successfully? It will fail giving error "failed to open file with the path to the file partition ". Output for sort and dedup sort with NULL key? It will treat all the columns as part of key. If your keep parameter is first then it will give first record from input records. If your keep parameter is last then it will give last record from input records.
If your keep parameter is unique only then it give zero records in output. How to passing parameter to Oracle Stored Procedure in graph? Header, Trailer and Body segregation and then reverse rank? Next by using scan component generate seqeunce number, then sort according to the seqeunce number Desc. This would treat the entire record set as a single group. Use the first and last functions in rollup to select the header and trailer records.
In MFS I developer developed 2-way, but supporters are supporting 4-way on same records how is possible? First you connect 2 way input file to gather component and then connect to partition by exp with sort component and finally you connect target file that is 4 way mfs file. Re-partition the data to 7 ways using partition components, of course you would need 7 way MFS. You can set optional parameters to control how many records Read Multiple Files skips before starting to read records, and the maximum number of records it reads.
An optional transform function allows you to manipulate the records or change their formats before they are written as output. What will happen if we pass null key to join? If you are passing null key to join component, you will get Cartesian product of records of both the input ports.
What will happen if we pass null key to scan? Scan is a multistage component but when you pass a null key to scan it will give all the records as output. What will happen if we pass null key to dedup sort? In case of dedup component if we give keep parameter as first it will give the first record as the output if we give keep parameter as last it will give the last record as the output but when we give the keep parameter as unique it will give no records as the output.
What will happen if we pass null key to rollup? If we give null key to rollup its output will have only one record, it will consider all the records as one group.
It is useful when we need to count the number of records in the port. Parallelism: Component parallelism: An application that has multiple components running on the system simultaneously.
But the data are separate. Data parallelism: Data is split into segments and runs the operations simultaneously. Pipeline parallelism: An application with multiple components but running on the same dataset.
What is a multifile system? Multifile is a set of directories on different nodes in a cluster. They possess an identical directory structure. The multifile system leads to a better performance as it is parallel processing where the data resides on multiple disks. It is created with the control partition on one node and data partitions on the other nodes to distribute the processing in order to improve the performance.
How do you improve the performance of a graph? Max-core: This parameter controls how frequently a component should dump data from memory to disk. In Ab initio, dependency analysis is a process through which the EME examines a project entirely and traces how data is transferred and transformed- from component-to-component, field-by-field, within and between graphs.
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