Marital interaction has primarily been examined in the context of conflict resolution. This study investigated the predictive ability of couples to rebound from marital conflict in a subsequent positive conversation.
Results showed that there was a great deal of consistency in affect across both conversations. Also examined was the ability of affective interaction to predict divorce over a 4-year period, separately in each of the two conversations.
It was possible to predict divorce using affective variables from each conversation, with Body mass index kinetics around adiposity rebound in Anorexia nervosa: A case-control study. This study aimed at investigating which characteristics of BMI kinetics around the adiposity rebound are associated with AN. Multicentre case-control study with inpatient women with AN onset after 10 years of age, and healthy women, all free of overweight history and matched for age, level of education and fathers' socio-professional status.
Age at adiposity rebound , pre- and post-adiposity rebound BMI velocities and accelerations change in velocity over time were estimated with linear mixed models using data recorded between 2 and 10 years of age. Patients had an earlier adiposity rebound mean standard deviation SD : 5.
Further prospective study is needed to confirm these findings. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Improving design phase evaluations for high pile rebound sites : final report.
A testing program performed to help determine typical soils properties encountered during pile installation when high rebound : occurs produced a decision matrix for geotechnical engineers. High pile rebound HPR occurred at numerous sites in Florid Lock-and-key mechanisms of cerebellar memory recall based on rebound currents. A basic question for theories of learning and memory is whether neuronal plasticity suffices to guide proper memory recall. Alternatively, information processing that is additional to readout of stored memories might occur during recall.
We formulate a "lock-and-key" hypothesis regarding cerebellum-dependent motor memory in which successful learning shapes neural activity to match a temporal filter that prevents expression of stored but inappropriate motor responses. Thus, neuronal plasticity by itself is necessary but not sufficient to modify motor behavior. We explored this idea through computational studies of two cerebellar behaviors and examined whether deep cerebellar and vestibular nuclei neurons can filter signals from Purkinje cells that would otherwise drive inappropriate motor responses.
In our biophysical models of cerebellar nuclei neurons this requirement arises through the phenomenon of postinhibitory rebound depolarization and matches longstanding behavioral data on conditioned reflex timing and reliability. Although CS-US intervals ms. In vestibulo-ocular reflex adaptation, hyperpolarization-activated currents in vestibular nuclei neurons may underlie analogous dependence of adaptation magnitude on the timing of visual and vestibular stimuli.
Thus, the proposed lock-and-key mechanisms link channel kinetics to recall performance and yield specific predictions of how perturbations to rebound depolarization affect motor expression.
Reliability assessment of different plate theories for elastic wave propagation analysis in functionally graded plates. The importance of elastic wave propagation problem in plates arises from the application of ultrasonic elastic waves in non-destructive evaluation of plate-like structures. However, precise study and analysis of acoustic guided waves especially in non-homogeneous waveguides such as functionally graded plates are so complicated that exact elastodynamic methods are rarely employed in practical applications.
Thus, the simple approximate plate theories have attracted much interest for the calculation of wave fields in FGM plates. Therefore, in the current research, the classical plate theory CPT , first-order shear deformation theory FSDT and third-order shear deformation theory TSDT are used to obtain the transient responses of flexural waves in FGM plates subjected to transverse impulsive loadings.
Moreover, comparing the results with those based on a well recognized hybrid numerical method HNM , we examine the accuracy of the plate theories for several plates of various thicknesses under excitations of different frequencies. The material properties of the plate are assumed to vary across the plate thickness according to a simple power-law distribution in terms of volume fractions of constituents. In all analyses, spatial Fourier transform together with modal analysis are applied to compute displacement responses of the plates.
A comparison of the results demonstrates the reliability ranges of the approximate plate theories for elastic wave propagation analysis in FGM plates. Furthermore, based on various examples, it is shown that whenever the plate theories are used within the appropriate ranges of plate thickness and frequency content, solution process in wave number-time domain based on modal analysis approach is not only sufficient but also efficient for finding the transient waveforms in FGM plates.
Probing mesoscopic crystals with electrons: One-step simultaneous inelastic and elastic scattering theory. With the emergence of graphene and other quasi-two-dimensional Q2D crystals, HREELS could be expected to become the major experimental tool to study this class of materials.
We, however, identify a critical flaw in the theoretical picture of the HREELS of Q2D crystals in the context of the inelastic scattering only "energy-loss functions" formalism , in contrast to its justifiable use for bulk solids and surfaces.
The shortcoming is the neglect of the elastic scattering, which we show is inseparable from the inelastic one, and which, affecting the spectra dramatically, must be taken into account for the meaningful interpretation of the experiment. With this motivation, using the time-dependent density functional theory for excitations, we build a theory of the simultaneous inelastic and elastic electron scattering at Q2D crystals.
Our results open a path to the theoretically interpretable study of the excitation processes in crystalline mesoscopic materials by means of HREELS, with its supreme resolution on the meV energy scale, which is far beyond the capacity of the now overwhelmingly used EELS in transmission electron microscopy. Equilibrium theory for braided elastic filaments. Motivated by supercoiling of DNA and other filamentous structures, we formulate a theory for equilibria of 2-braids, i. Unlike in previous work no assumption is made on the shape of the contact curve.
Rather, this shape is found as part of the solution. The theory is developed in terms of a moving frame of directors attached to one of the strands with one of the directors pointing to the position of the other strand.
The constant-distance constraint is automatically satisfied by the introduction of what we call braid strains. The price we pay is that the potential energy involves arclength derivatives of these strains, thus giving rise to a second-order variational problem. The Euler-Lagrange equations for this problem give balance equations for the overall braid force and moment referred to the moving frame as well as differential equations that can be interpreted as effective constitutive relations encoding the effect that the second strand has on the first as the braid deforms under the action of end loads.
Simple analytical cases are discussed first and used as starting solutions in parameter continuation studies to compute classes of both open and closed linked or knotted braid solutions. Postglacial rebound and fault instability in Fennoscandia. The best available rebound model is used to investigate the role that postglacial rebound plays in triggering seismicity in Fennoscandia.
The salient features of the model include tectonic stress due to spreading at the North Atlantic Ridge, overburden pressure, gravitationally self-consistent ocean loading, and the realistic deglaciation history and compressible earth model which best fits the sea-level and ice data in Fennoscandia.
The model predicts the spatio-temporal evolution of the state of stress, the magnitude of fault instability, the timing of the onset of this instability, and the mode of failure of lateglacial and postglacial seismicity. The consistency of the predictions with the observations suggests that postglacial rebound is probably the cause of the large postglacial thrust faults observed in Fennoscandia. The model also predicts a uniform stress field and instability in central Fennoscandia for the present, with thrust faulting as the predicted mode of failure.
However, the lack of spatial correlation of the present seismicity with the region of uplift, and the existence of strike-slip and normal modes of current seismicity are inconsistent with this model. Further unmodelled factors such as the presence of high-angle faults in the central region of uplift along the Baltic coast would be required in order to explain the pattern of seismicity today in terms of postglacial rebound stress. The sensitivity of the model predictions to the effects of compressibility, tectonic stress, viscosity and ice model is also investigated.
For sites outside the ice margin, it is found that the mode of failure is sensitive to the presence of tectonic stress and that the onset timing is also dependent on compressibility. For sites within the ice margin, the effect of Earth rheology is shown to be small.
However, ice load history is shown to have larger effects on the onset time of earthquakes and the magnitude of fault instability. Super- elastic and fatigue resistant carbon material with lamellar multi-arch microstructure. Low-density compressible materials enable various applications but are often hindered by structure-derived fatigue failure, weak elasticity with slow recovery speed and large energy dissipation.
Here we demonstrate a carbon material with microstructure-derived super- elasticity and high fatigue resistance achieved by designing a hierarchical lamellar architecture composed of thousands of microscale arches that serve as elastic units. This structural material, although constructed using an intrinsically brittle carbon constituent, is simultaneously super- elastic , highly compressible and fatigue resistant to a degree even greater than that of previously reported compressible foams mainly made from more robust constituents.
Characterisation of rebound depolarisation in mice deep dorsal horn neurons in vitro. Spinal dorsal horn neurons constitute the first relay for pain processing and participate in the processing of other sensory, motor and autonomic information. At the cellular level, intrinsic excitability is a factor contributing to network function.
In turn, excitability is set by the array of ionic conductance expressed by neurons. Here, we set out to characterise rebound depolarisation following hyperpolarisation, a feature frequently described in dorsal horn neurons but never addressed in depth. To this end, an in vitro preparation of the spinal cord from mice pups was used combined with whole-cell recordings in current and voltage clamp modes.
The expression of these currents determines the presence of rebound behaviour at the end of hyperpolarising pulses. T-type calcium currents were associated to high-amplitude rebounds usually involving high-frequency action potential firing. H-currents were associated to low-amplitude rebounds less prone to elicit firing or firing at lower frequencies. For a large proportion of neurons expressing both currents, the H-current constitutes a mechanism to ensure a faster response after hyperpolarisations, adjusting the latency of the rebound firing.
We conclude that rebound depolarisation and firing are intrinsic factors to many dorsal horn neurons that may constitute a mechanism to integrate somatosensory information in the spinal cord, allowing for a rapid switch from inhibited-to-excited states.
Collisional growth of dust aggregates is a plausible root of planetesimals forming in protoplanetary disks. However, a rebound of colliding dust aggregates prevents dust from growing into planetesimals. In fact, rebounding aggregates are observed in laboratory experiments but not in previous numerical simulations. Therefore, the condition of rebound between dust aggregates should be clarified to better understand the processes of dust growth and planetesimal formation.
We have carried out numerical simulations of aggregate collisions for various types of aggregates and succeeded in reproducing a rebound of colliding aggregates under specific conditions. Our finding is that in the rebound process, themore » key factor of the aggregate structure is the coordination number, namely, the number of particles in contact with a particle. A rebound is governed by the energy dissipation along with restructuring of the aggregates and a large coordination number inhibits the restructuring at collisions.
Results of our numerical simulation for various aggregates indicate that they stick to each other when the mean coordination number is less than 6, regardless of their materials and structures, as long as their collision velocity is less than the critical velocity for fragmentation.
In protoplanetary disks, dust aggregates are expected to have low bulk densities rebounding. This result supports the formation of planetesimals with direct dust growth in protoplanetary disks. Elastic thickness determination based on Vening Meinesz-Moritz and flexural theories of isostasy. Elastic thickness Te is one of mechanical properties of the Earth's lithosphere.
The lithosphere is assumed to be a thin elastic shell, which is bended under the topographic, bathymetric and sediment loads on. The flexure of this elastic shell depends on its thickness or Te. Those shells having larger Te flex less. In this paper, a forward computational method is presented based on the Vening Meinesz-Moritz VMM and flexural theories of isostasy. Two Moho flexure models are determined using these theories , considering effects of surface and subsurface loads.
Different values are selected for Te in the flexural method to see by which one, the closest Moho flexure to that of the VMM is achieved. Our mathematical derivations are based on spherical harmonics, which can be used to estimate Te at any single point, meaning that there is no edge effect in the method. However, the Te map needs to be filtered to remove noise at some points.
Rotational elasticity. We consider an infinite three-dimensional elastic continuum whose material points experience no displacements, only rotations. This framework is a special case of the Cosserat theory of elasticity. Rotations of material points are described mathematically by attaching to each geometric point an orthonormal basis that gives a field of orthonormal bases called the coframe. As the dynamical variables unknowns of our theory , we choose the coframe and a density.
We write down the general dynamic variational functional for our rotational theory of elasticity , assuming our material to be physically linear but the kinematic model geometrically nonlinear. Allowing geometric nonlinearity is natural when dealing with rotations because rotations in dimension three are inherently nonlinear rotations about different axes do not commute and because there is no reason to exclude from our study large rotations such as full turns.
The main result of the talk is an explicit construction of a class of time-dependent solutions that we call plane wave solutions; these are travelling waves of rotations. The existence of such explicit closed-form solutions is a non-trivial fact given that our system of Euler-Lagrange equations is highly nonlinear. We also consider a special case of our rotational theory of elasticity which in the stationary setting harmonic time dependence and arbitrary dependence on spatial coordinates turns out to be equivalent to a pair of massless Dirac equations.
The talk is based on the paper [1]. Boehmer, R. Downes and D. Rebound nystagmus: EOG analysis of a case with a floccular tumour. Eye movements were recorded and quantitatively analysed in a patient with a tumour initially involving the cerebellar flocculus. Ocular motor abnormalities included 1 impaired smooth pursuit, 2 impaired cancellation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex when fixating an object rotating with the head, and 3 gaze paretic and rebound nystagmus. Comparable findings have been reported in monkeys with experimental floccular lesions.
The rebound nystagmus but not the other ocular motor abnormalities disappeared when the tumour appeared to invade the brain stem in the region near the vestibular nuclei. This finding suggests that the floccular lesion unmasked a bias which created rebound nystagmus and that the bias probably arose in the vestibular nuclei. Rebound effect of modern drugs: serious adverse event unknown by health professionals. Supported in the Hippocratic aphorism primum non nocere, the bioethical principle of non-maleficence pray that the medical act cause the least damage or injury to the health of the patient, leaving it to the doctor to assess the risks of a particular therapy through knowledge of possible adverse events of drugs.
Among these, the rebound effect represents a common side effect to numerous classes of modern drugs, may cause serious and fatal disorders in patients. This review aims to clarify the health professionals on clinical and epidemiological aspects of rebound phenomenon. A qualitative, exploratory and bibliographic review was held in the PubMed database using the keywords ' rebound ', 'withdrawal', 'paradoxical', 'acetylsalicylic acid', 'anti-inflammatory', 'bronchodilator', 'antidepressant', 'statin', 'proton pump inhibitor' and 'bisphosphonate'.
The rebound effect occurs after discontinuation of numerous classes of drugs that act contrary to the disease disorders, exacerbating them at levels above those prior to treatment. Regardless of the disease, the drug and duration of treatment, the phenomenon manifests itself in a small proportion of susceptible individuals. However, it may cause serious and fatal adverse events should be considered a public health problem in view of the enormous consumption of drugs by population.
Bringing together a growing and unquestionable body of evidence, the physician needs to have knowledge of the consequences of the rebound effect and how to minimize it, increasing safety in the management of modern drugs. On the other hand, this rebound can be used in a curative way, broadening the spectrum of the modern therapeutics.
Background: There are some auspicious records on applying aerobic exercise for asthmatic patients. Recently, it is suggested that rebound exercise might even increase the gains. This study was designed to compare the effects of rebound therapy to aerobic training in male asthmatic patients. Methods: Sample included 37 male asthmatic patients years from the same respiratory clinic. After signing the informed consent, subjects volunteered to take part in control, rebound , or aerobic groups.
There was no change in the routine medical treatment of patients. Supervised exercise programs continued for 8 weeks, consisting of two sessions of 45 to 60 minutes per week. Criteria measures were assessed pre- and post exercise program. Conclusions: Regular exercise strengthens the respiratory muscles and improves the cellular respiration. At the same time, it improves the muscular, respiratory, and cardio-vascular systems.
Effects of rebound exercise seem to be promising. Findings suggest that rebound exercise is a useful complementary means for asthmatic male patients. The appropriate sequencing of agents with strong immune system effects has become increasingly important.
Transitions require careful balance between safety and protection against relapse. The cases presented herein highlight that rebound events after ceasing fingolimod treatment may happen even with short washout periods 4 weeks and may perpetuate despite steroid treatment or the immediate use of fast-acting immune therapies, such as rituximab.
To describe rebound syndrome in patients with multiple sclerosis MS after cessation of fingolimod treatment. Clinical and demographic data were extracted from electronic medical records from the University of California, San Francisco, Multiple Sclerosis Center from January to December Magnetic resonance images were reviewed by MS neurologists J.
Rebound syndrome was defined as new severe neurological symptoms after ceasing fingolimod treatment, with the development of multiple new or enhancing lesions exceeding baseline activity. We reviewed the PubMed database from January to December for similar cases of severe disease reactivation after ceasing fingolimod treatment using search terms fingolimod and either rebound or reactivation.
Participants were included if they stopped receiving fingolimod between January and December Five patients were identified who experienced rebound after ceasing fingolimod treatment. Each patient received treatment with oral fingolimod for various durations. Occurrence of rebound after ceasing fingolimod treatment.
The mean SD age of the 5 female patients presented in this case series was Of the 46 patients that stopped fingolimod treatment within the 2-year period, 5 Despite varying prior severity of relapsing-remitting course, all participants experienced unexpectedly severe clinical relapses accompanied by drastic. Postglacial Rebound From Space Geodesy. To study the viscous response of the earth to the unloading of the late Pleistocene ice sheets and, to a lesser extent, the elastic response of the earth to current changes in ice sheet mass, we integrate geodetic observations from VLBI over 24 years, from SLR over 23 years, from DORIS over 12 years, and from GPS over 11 years.
The rates of uplift and subsidence we determine, which in places differ significantly from published studies, are constraining postglacial rebound models like that of Peltier [], Peltier [], Milne [], and Peltier []. We find the following: Yellowknife is rising at 5. Onsala Sweden is rising at 2. Kellyville Greenland is falling insignificantly at 1. The utility of inpatient rebound bilirubin levels in infants readmitted after birth hospitalization for hyperbilirubinemia.
There are few data evaluating the role of inpatient rebound bilirubin levels in the management of infants readmitted after their birth hospitalization for indirect hyperbilirubinemia. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the clinical utility of inpatient rebound bilirubin levels within this patient population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted of infants readmitted after their birth hospitalization for indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Data from infants with rebound bilirubin levels drawn at a mean of 6.
The primary outcome was readmission to the hospital, and secondary outcomes included length of stay and discharge time. A subgroup analysis compared characteristics of children who required repeat phototherapy versus those who did not.
Length of stay was significantly longer for patients with rebound bilirubin levels Early inpatient rebound bilirubin levels do not successfully predict which patients will require hospital readmission for repeat phototherapy. Observations of the collapses and rebounds of millimeter-sized lithotripsy bubbles.
Bubbles excited by lithotripter shock waves undergo a prolonged growth followed by an inertial collapse and rebounds. In addition to the relevance for clinical lithotripsy treatments, such bubbles can be used to study the mechanics of inertial collapses.
In particular, both phase change and diffusion among vapor and noncondensable gas molecules inside the bubble are known to alter the collapse dynamics of individual bubbles.
Bubble responses were characterized through high-speed photography and acoustic measurements that identified the timing of individual bubble collapses. Maximum bubble diameters before and after collapse were estimated and the corresponding ratio of volumes was used to estimate the fraction of energy retained by the bubble through collapse. The rebounds demonstrated statistically significant dependencies on both dissolved gas concentration and temperature.
In many observations, liquid jets indicating asymmetric bubble collapses were visible. Bubble rebounds were sensitive to these asymmetries primarily for water conditions corresponding to the most dissipative collapses. This phenomenon is one reason why energy efficiency policies often result in lower energy savings than engineering-based estimates predict.
Rebound effects have been the subject of intense debate in the field of energy efficiency policy for many years. This is especially true in developing countries where basic energy service demands—such as lighting, heating, cooling, and refrigeration of food—are often not being met. Elastic rebound theory. Rocks on either side of a fault are locked in place by friction.
Rocks will slowly deform over time. When the stress exceeds the strength of the rock, the rocks will fault. The theory that continuing stress along a fault results in a buildup of elastic energy in the rocks, which is abruptly released when an earthquake occurs.
Reverse faults, particularly those along convergent plate boundaries are associated with the most powerful earthquakes, megathrust earthquakes, including almost all of those of magnitude 8 or more. Strike-slip faults, particularly continental transforms, can produce major earthquakes up to about magnitude 8. The percentage of all earthquakes that occur along plate boundaries is nearly: the energy released.
Explain the earthquake cycle based on elastic rebound: Surface waves propagate more slowly. In geology, aseismic creep or fault creep is measurable surface displacement along a fault in the absence of notable earthquakes. Individual fault lines are usually narrower than their length or depth. The deepest earthquakes occur on reverse faults at about miles km below the surface. What prevents rocks from moving past each other in a fault? No, earthquakes of magnitude 10 or larger cannot happen.
The magnitude of an earthquake is related to the length of the fault on which it occurs. The largest earthquake ever recorded was a magnitude 9.
Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. Press ESC to cancel. This diagram greatly exaggerates the distortion. Actually, the distortion is spread over many miles and can only be seen with precise instrumentation e. This picture, taken near Bolinas in Marin County by G. Gilbert, shows a fence that was offset about 8.
Once the strain accumulation exceeds the strength of the locked fault, the stored energy is abruptly released by rapid displacement along the fault in the form of an earthquake, whereby the rocks return to their original state, and the cycle repeats. Elastic rebound theory fits in well with the theory of plate tectonics and helps explains the cyclical nature of many earthquakes including why earthquakes repeatedly occur in the same regions.
It is now known that the This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access. Lay, T. Modern global seismology. San Diego: Academic, p.
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